Concept of psychology and characteristics Psychology is all mental phenomena that arise in our minds, it participates in controlling and adjusting human behaviors, actions and activities. Characteristics of psychological phenomena:
- Human psychology is extremely rich, diverse, mysterious and potential.
- Psychological phenomena are very diverse, but they are very closely related to each other.
- Psychology is a mental phenomenon, existing in our mind. We cannot see, weigh, measure, or count it directly.
- Human psychology has immense power.
Cognitive activity
Cognition is the activity of reflecting objective reality, that is, recognizing and evaluating the surrounding world. There are two levels: emotional and rational.
- Sensory perception: is a type of perception that only reflects the external characteristics of phenomena when they directly affect our senses. There are two processes of sensory perception, which are sensation and perception.
+ Feeling: only reflects the individual characteristics of phenomena when they directly affect our senses.
+ Perception: fully reflects the external characteristics of each object and phenomenon when they directly affect our senses.
- Rational cognition: is the type of cognition that reflects the internal characteristics, the essential characteristics of things and phenomena indirectly through their laws. Rational cognition has processes such as: thinking, imagination.
+ Thinking: is a cognitive process that reflects the essential properties, relationships, and regular connections of things and phenomena in objective reality that humans did not know before. Thinking operations include: analysis, synthesis, comparison, contrast, generalization, abstraction, and concretization.
+ Imagination: is a cognitive process that reflects what is not yet in experience by creating new images based on existing images. Imagination is often influenced by the following effects:
- The halo effect: judging objects based on stereotypes
- Identification effect: judging the target in a way that identifies with oneself
- Social distancing effect.
Emotional life
Feelings and emotions are a reflection of human attitudes towards phenomena related to the satisfaction or non-satisfaction of our needs in the form of vibrations.
- Emotions: are short-lived, temporary, unstable vibrations and are a psychological process.
- Emotions and feelings, attitudes are stable and lasting and are a psychological attribute.
