Basic means of communication

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Means of communication are all the elements that we use to express our attitudes, emotions, relationships and other psychology in a communication.

What is the means of communication?

Communication media are tools, techniques or methods used to convey information, opinions, ideas or feelings between individuals or groups. Means of communication may include:

  1. Language: Use words and language to convey messages, including face-to-face and written communication.

  2. Non-verbal: Include non-verbal media, such as images, charts, symbols, gestural signs, body language, etc.

  3. Communicate directly: Direct communication between individuals, such as face-to-face meetings, telephone conversations or video calls.

  4. Indirect communication: Use mediums such as email, letters, text messages, social media posts, etc

  5. Asynchronous communication: Messages are communicated over asynchronous time, such as email, text messages, online forum posts.

  6. Synchronous communication: Face-to-face communication happens instantly, like video chats, online meetings, etc

The medium of communication plays an important role in building and maintaining relationships, conveying information and ideas, and in creating understanding and consensus in various communication situations.

Means of communication through language

Language is the main means of human communication. Through language, humans can transmit any type of information, such as expressing emotions, hinting, or describing things. It is based on the following factors:

  • Linguistic content: the meaning of language has two forms to exist: Objective and subjective. Understanding individual ideas is the basis for creating harmony in communication, also known as the ability to empathize.
  • Characteristics of language: Including rhythm, intonation, intonation... Plays a very important role in communication, it gives us an advantage to communicate successfully. Gestures when speaking will complement the words to help add meaning to them. However, gestures must be consistent with customs and cultures, so don't force yourself by imitating other people's gestures, because natural gestures are the most adorable.

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Non-verbal means of communication

Researching non-verbal means of communication is very important because it helps us be more sensitive in communication.

  • Trait: Expressing human emotional attitudes, research works agree that human facial expressions express 6 emotions: Happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, fear, disgust. In addition, facial expressions also tell us about a person's personality.
  • Smile: In communication, people can use smiles to express their feelings and attitudes. People have as many ways of smiling as they have personalities. Therefore, in communication we must be keenly aware of the smile of the person we are communicating with.
  • Eyes: It reflects the emotional state, expressing people's feelings, moods and wishes. In communication, it depends on the social position of each party.
  • Gestures: Including movements of the head, hands, arms... their movements have a certain meaning in communication.
  • Posture: It is closely related to the social position of the individual, often unconsciously it reveals the social position that the individual assumes.
  • Face: These are natural characteristics that rarely change, such as body shape, skin color, and changeable characteristics such as hair, beard, makeup, and jewelry.

Communication space: 

It is a means to express the emotional relationship between parties. There are 4 communication zones:

  1. Intimate area: From 0-0.5m
  2. Private area: 0.5-1.5m
  3. Social area: 1.5-3.5m
  4. Public area from 1

Special communication behaviors:

Including the movements of hugging, kissing, patting the shoulder, rubbing the head, shaking hands, shaking hands... It is only used in special cases.
Objects: In communication, people often use certain objects such as postcards, flowers, gifts, souvenirs...

In short, non-verbal means of communication are greatly influenced by cultural factors, ethnic characteristics, customs and practices.

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